The Right to Internet Access: Problems of Definition and Provision

The article focuses on the specific rights of access to the Internet. In particular, author points to the Internet has become a central element of the infrastructure of the information society and an important means of communication, allowing people infinitely exercise their right to freedom of expression or the right to seek, receive and transfer any kind of information. Inaccessibility to the Internet in the information society deprives a person some human rights. Attention is also concentrated that due to continuous improvement of the Internet was deepening differentiation potential of information around the world on a qualitative level. This intensified the problem of uneven socio-economic development of countries and gave rise to the emergence of the phenomenon of the digital divide. The digital divide is a dissonance informative possibility between countries. The reason for the digital divide between countries are a number of factors, including: taxes, policy in the area of information technology and network operation issues. It is noted that the problem of the digital divide is closely related phenomenon the digital inequality. Digital inequality is dissonance informative possibilities between different groups within the country. To overcome the problems of the digital divide and the digital divide state should define a common way of the Internet and IT industry, to financial and legislative provision computer literacy disadvantaged groups, coordinate the conditions of business, further innovation on the Web, protecting the rights and interests of Internet users. Particular attention is given to international experience establishing the right of access to the Internet and its approval in judicial practice. July 6, 2012 United Nations Human Rights Council recognized that the right of access to the Internet should be protected. In its resolution confirmed that the same rights that is offline should be protected online. Today, in countries such as Finland, Estonia, France, Greece, Spain, the legislation establishes the right of citizens to access. Nowadays Internet has become a means helps people realize the number of universally recognized rights: freedom of speech, the right of access to information, the right to free development of his personality, the right to privacy of correspondence and telephone conversations, the right to assemble peacefully, the right to associate in political parties, etc. The Internet has become an important means of communication and source of information and public infrastructure. It is gives reason to believe that the right of access to the Internet is a fundamental human right which needs legislative provisions at national level.