Key aspects of personal data protection in the context of artificial intelligence development

The problem of personal data protection has become particularly acute due to the emergence of modern artificial intelligence systems as progressive technologies, which can perform tasks previously only capable of humans. The processes by which artificial intelligence systems handle personal data remain poorly understood, making it difficult for humans to maintain complete control over these systems. General issues that determine the legislative regulation of personal data relationships in contemporary legal systems encompass reasonable grounds for data processing, proper informing of data subjects, compliance with the principle of accuracy, risk assessment procedure, data retention period, purpose limitation, etc. In addition to them, specific issues related to the rise of artificial intelligence have arisen in recent years. All these issues are crucial for enhancing a legal framework governing any operations involving personal data by artificial intelligence systems. This article explores in general the key aspects of personal data protection throughout the design, development, implementation, and usage of artificial intelligence systems. It addresses several widely discussed topics, including the need for reasonable legal grounds for processing data while training artificial intelligence systems, the obligation of informing data subjects about such training, and guaranteeing the rights of data subjects (access, rectification, erasure). The author also discusses data transformation techniques such as anonymization, pseudonymization, and data synthesis by GenAI systems. From the perspective of legitimacy, the training process of artificial intelligence systems is described in greater detail. The results of the study indicate that the rise of artificial intelligence significantly impacts personal data relationships. First, personal data serves as a valuable resource in the design, development and implementation of artificial intelligence systems. Secondly, in using such systems, personal data can become subject to various forms of processing. 

artificial intelligence and personal data; personal data; personal data protection; artificial intelligence; personal data protection legislation; grounds for processing personal data; personal data transformation; General Data Protection Regulation; ChatGPT